Authorities
Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. ROSS Intelligence Inc.
Thomson Reuters v. ROSS (3d Cir. 2026): the first appellate AI training fair use ruling.
Citation: Thomson Reuters Enter. Ctr. GmbH v. ROSS Intelligence Inc., No. 25-2153 (3d Cir. Sept. 29, 2026)
Type: Case
Jurisdiction: Federal
Issuing body: U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
Status: Decided (3d Cir. Sept. 29, 2026)
Court: U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
Parties: Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. ROSS Intelligence Inc.
Docket: No. 25-2153
Proceeding: court decision
The first federal appellate decision on fair use in AI training. The Third Circuit held that Westlaw's editor-written headnotes are protected by copyright and that ROSS Intelligence's use of them to train a competing, non-generative legal research tool was not fair use under 17 U.S.C. ยง 107. The ruling is deliberately narrow: ROSS's system retrieved existing texts rather than generating new ones, so whether training a generative model is fair use remains undecided at the appellate level. The decision binds district courts within the Third Circuit; for Texas courts it is persuasive only.
Related guides.
Sources.
This page is general information, not legal advice. See the Disclaimer.